Basic Human Neuroanatomy
A Clinically Oriented Atlas 
Case 184 Answers
1.  How would you characterize this patient’s language dysfunction?  Damage to what area of the brain typically gives rise to this type of language dysfunction?  Indicate the side of the brain involved.
 
Nonfluent aphasia – Broca’s aphasia.
Posterior aspect of the left inferior frontal gyrus (areas 44, 45)

2.  Considering all of the patient’s signs and symptoms, indicate the area of the brain involved by the pathologic process in this case.  What specific structures are involved by the pathologic process?

Posterior aspect of the left inferior frontal gyrus (Broca’s area. Areas 44, 45).  Adjacent inferior parts of the premotor area (area 6) and precentral gyrus (primary motor cortex [PMA], area 4).

3.  In general, what type of pathologic process is involved in this case?

Vascular.  Occlusion of a cortical branch of the left MCA vs a cardiogenic embolus to a distal cortical branch of the left MCA in the posterior frontal region due to atrial fibrillation.

4.  What diagnostic procedure(s) would you undertake at this point?

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